Which chapter of the Health and Safety Code is focused on air quality regulation in Texas?

The correct choice focuses on Chapter 382 of the Texas Health and Safety Code, which specifically addresses air quality regulation in Texas. This chapter establishes the framework for the protection and improvement of air quality, establishing standards and regulations to control air pollution from various sources to safeguard public health and the environment.

In this context, Chapter 382 provides guidelines for air quality monitoring, reporting, and compliance by industries and individuals who emit air pollutants. It plays a critical role in the state's efforts to meet both federal and state air quality standards, ensuring the health of citizens and the ecological balance.

The other chapters listed cover different aspects of health and safety: Chapter 481 deals with controlled substances, Chapter 153 pertains to maternal and child health services, and Chapter 264 focuses on the management of solid waste. Each of these chapters addresses important public health issues, but none is specifically centered on air quality regulation, which is the core focus of Chapter 382.